COURAGE

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The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic is a central body of the state administration for pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary and further education for science policy, research and development, including international cooperation in this field, and for scientific ranks, the state care about children, youth, sports, tourism and sport representation of the state.

The Ministry of National Defence (MApN) is a specialised body of the central public administration, directly subordinated to the government. Its mission is to manage activities in the field of national defence to guarantee the sovereignty, independence, and unity of the state, the territorial integrity of the country, and its constitutional democracy. The organisation of the Ministry of National Defence dates back to the nineteenth century and the establishment of the modern Romanian state. After the communist takeover, beginning in 1948, the communist party ensured its control over the army though the newly created political-military structure called the Superior Political Directorate of the Army and in 1950 the ministry was renamed the Ministry of Armed Forces. Romania was a founding member of the Warsaw Treaty Organisation and its troops participated in common exercises with other members of the Eastern bloc. Following the invasion of Czechoslovakia, the national defence system was reorganised to include paramilitary units, and in 1972 the ministry returned to its previous designation, Ministry of National Defence. The army played an important role in repressing the popular revolt that led to the overthrow of the communist regime in December 1989, but later fraternised with the anti-communist demonstrators. In 2004, Romania joined NATO and Romanian soldiers began to participate in NATO-led peacekeeping operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, and in other military operations in the fight against terrorism. The Ministry of National Defence is accountable to the Parliament, the Government and the Supreme Council for National Defence (CSAT) for the implementation of the provisions of the Constitution, the decisions of the Government and of the CSAT, and the international military treaties signed by Romania. 

The Ministry of Science and Education performs administrative and other tasks related to preschool education, elementary and secondary education in the country and abroad; develops the National Curriculum; approves textbooks and introduces regulations and standards as well as other requirements regarding educational  work; fosters the development of the school system; works on improving the student standard; conducts inspections; establishes educational institutions and supervises the legal aspects of their activities; provides funding and facilities for educational work; enables children, young adults and adults to acquire technical skills and competences; supports organizations invested in education.

The Ministry also performs administrative and other tasks related to: the development of higher education; the implementation of national strategies and higher education programmes; the provision of funding and facilities for higher education institutions and monitoring their activities; the preparation of reports on the activities and evaluation of higher education institutions and study programmes, and their recommendation for approval; the subsidization of study costs; the improvement of the student standard; monitoring success rates of study programmes and other higher education processes; administering the implementation of the Croatian Qualifications Framework; administering the Registry of Higher Education Institutions and the Registry of Study Programmes; managing databases on higher education; fostering lifelong learning and higher education for adults; the administrative supervision of higher education institutions.

The Ministry performs administrative and other tasks related to: the development of the science, technology and innovation system; the development of research and other institutions; the application of scientific achievements in certain fields; the harmonization of funding programmes with research projects; development and monitoring of intellectual property management policy by means of harmonizing national legislation on intellectual property rights with the acquis communautaire, and the development of strategic measures for improving the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights in order to foster technology transfer from research organizations to the business sector and society; fostering continuous technological development in the Republic of Croatia; administering the Registry of Researchers and Research Organizations; monitoring and establishing scientific, professional and technological cooperation with foreign countries and international organizations according to international agreements; enhancing the mobility of Croatian and foreign researchers; scholarships, specialization and practical training of domestic and foreign researchers based on international, government, business and other agreements; the administrative supervision of research organizations.

The Ministry participates in the development of programmes and projects, and the implementation of the EU-funded projects as well as projects funded from other international sources.

The Ministry cooperates with the ministry competent for management of state property in all affairs regarding management and disposal of shares and interests in state-owned companies, as well as companies which are primarily engaged in activities within the jurisdiction of this Ministry.

The Ministry performs tasks related to the participation of the Republic of Croatia in the activities of European Union bodies and other international bodies pertaining to its competence.

The Ministry also performs other tasks placed within its competence under a separate law.

Act on Organization and Scope of Ministries
and other Central. Authorities of State Administration
(Official Gazette No. 93/2016, 104/2016 )

Source: https://mzo.hr/en/brzi-linkovi/ministry