The Archive of the Intelligence and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova (SIS Archive) was founded according to the Law concerning the Archival Collection of the Republic of Moldova (Law No. 880-XII of 22 January 1992). On this date, the Archive of the former Ministry for State Security was transformed into a special state archival repository. This Archive became a part of the Archival Collection of the Republic of Moldova. The management, supervision, acquisition procedures, preservation, and public use of the documentary collections stored in the SIS Archive are described in and subject to the above-mentioned law. These procedures are also spelled out in the Regulation of the State Archival Collection, approved by Governmental Decision No. 352 of 27 May 1992, as well as by other internal department-specific regulations. Over 70,000 files are currently stored in the special repository of the Intelligence and Security Service. These files are structured into five main archival collections: 1) The collection of documentary materials concerning the internal management of the Intelligence and Security Service; 2) The collection of documentary materials related to the activity of the Intelligence and Security Service; 3) The collection of judicial files initiated concerning persons subject to political repression during the period of the communist regime; 4) The collection of documentary materials concerning persons repatriated to the USSR during the first post-war years, as well as former POWs held in Nazi camps; 5) The collection of personnel files of the state security service’s employees. The collection of judicial files is particularly important for this collection. The documentary materials stored in this collection are related to judicial inquiries pursued against 28,984 people who were subsequently prosecuted and condemned on the bases of decisions issued by judicial and extra-judicial institutions of the Soviet state. These files and the sentences passed against the people concerned were mostly based upon article 54 (counter-revolutionary criminal acts) of the Penal Code of the Ukrainian SSR, applied to the Moldavian SSR until 1961. Thereafter, these sentences were based on the Penal Code of the Moldavian SSR (article on anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda).